Süstemaatiline kuuluvus (APG IV)
Riik: Taimed (Plantae)
Klaad: Soontaimed (Tracheophyta)
Klaad: Katteseemnetaimed (Angiospermae)
Klaad: Päriskaheidulehelised (Eudicotyledonae)
Selts: Iminõgeselaadsed (Lamiales)
Sugukond: Huulõielised (Lamiaceae)
Perekond: Tonditupik (Physostegia)
Liik: Virgiinia tonditupik - Physostegia virginiana Benth.

Botaaniline kirjeldus
Virgiinia tonditupik on huulõieliste sugukonda kuuluv mitmeaastane risoomi moodustav rohttaim. Taim kasvab 1,5 m kõrguseks. Vars on sõlmine ja haruneb tipust tavaliselt kuni viieks 15 cm pikkuseks õisikuid kandvaks varreks. Lehed on lihtsad ja enamasti rootsuta. Leheseis on vastak. Varre alumises osas on lehed rootsuga (1-7 paar), need varisevad hilisemates ontogeneesi etappides. Rootsuta lehed on 2-18 cm pikad, lineaalsed kuni elliptilised ja saagja või kahelisaagja (teritunud tipuga hambakestega), harva terve servaga. [1] 

Õisiku vars on kaetud lühikeste karvakestega, vahel on see näärmeline ja kleepuv. Õisik on lihtne kobar. Õiekate on kaheli, viietine. Õied on kahehuulelised (ülemine huul koosneb kolmest ja alumine kahest kokku kasvanud kroonlehest) ja torujad, lillad kuni roosad, vahel valged ning kaetud näärmetega (meenutavad lõvilõua õit). Õie pikkus on 16-35 mm. Vili on paljuseemneline kupar. [1] Seemned kolmnurkja ehitusega. [2] 

Levila
Taime looduslik levila on Ameerikates, ulatudes Maine'ist ja Quebecist Manitobasse ja Põhja-Dakotasse ning lõunasse kuni Florida ja Põhja-Mehhikoni. Mujal maailmas kasvatatakse kultuurina. Soodsates tingimustes võib muutuda invasiivseks. [1] 

Toime ja kasutamine
Tonditupikust on isoleeritud iridoidglükosiide, füsosiidi ja virginoosiidi. Lisaks on taimes tuvastatud mükoporoosiide, antirrinoosiidi, 5-O-glükosüül-antirrinoosiidi, galiridosiidi, 8-O-atsetüül-mükoporoosiidi, 8-O-atsetüül-harpagiidi, ajugoosiidi ja 8-epilogaanhapet. Põlisameerika hõimud on taime juuri kasutanud erinevate terviseprobleemide, sealhulgas valude ja külmetuste raviks. Teaduslikud allikad väitele puuduvad ning teaved taime kasutamise kohta nii traditsioonilises kui ka rahvameditsiinis on vähe.

Kasutatud allikad
1. WFO. (2023). Physostegia virginiana Benth. Võetud World Flora Online'i veebilehelt: http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000273071. Juurdepääs: 24. detsember 2023.
2. Wikipedia contributors. (2023, June 15). Physostegia virginiana. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 09:30, December 24, 2023, from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physostegia_virginiana&oldid=1160264499
3. Jensen, S. R., Nielsen, B. J., & Rickelt, L. F. (1989). Iridoids in Physostegia virginiana. Phytochemistry, 28(11), 3055-3057. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(89)80279-1

Classification (APG IV)
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Physostegia
Species: Obedient plant - Physostegia virginiana (L.) Benth.

Botanical Description
The obedient plant belongs to the family Lamiaceae and is a perennial herbaceous plant that forms rhizomes. The plant grows up to 1.5 meters tall. Its stem is nodal and usually branches at the tip into up to five 15 cm long flowering stalks. The leaves are simple and mostly sessile. The leaf arrangement is opposite. In the lower part of the stem, the leaves have petioles (1–7 pairs), which shed during later stages of ontogenesis. Sessile leaves are 2–18 cm long, linear to elliptical, and have serrated or double-serrated (with pointed toothed tips) edges, though rarely with entire margins. [1]

The flowering stem is covered with short trichomes and is sometimes glandular and sticky. The inflorescence is a simple raceme. The perianth is biseriate and five-parted. The flowers are bilabiate (the upper lip is composed of three fused petals, and the lower lip of two) and tubular, ranging in color from purple to pink, occasionally white, and covered with glands (resembling snapdragon flowers). The flowers are 16–35 mm long. The fruit is a capsule containing multiple seeds. [1] The seeds are triangular in structure. [2]

Distribution
The natural range of the plant is in the Americas, extending from Maine and Quebec to Manitoba and North Dakota, and southward to Florida and northern Mexico. It is cultivated in other parts of the world. Under favorable conditions, it can become invasive. [1]

Effects and Usage
Iridoid glycosides, including physoside and virginoside, have been isolated from the obedient plant. Additionally, compounds such as mycoporosides, antirrinosides, 5-O-glucosyl-antirrinosides, galiridosides, 8-O-acetyl-mycoporosides, 8-O-acetyl-harpagides, ajugosides, and 8-epiloganic acid have been identified in the plant. Native American tribes have used the plant's roots to treat various health issues, including pain and colds. However, there is no scientific evidence to support these claims, and information about the plant's use in both traditional and folk medicine is limited.  [3]

References
1. WFO. (2023). Physostegia virginiana Benth. Retrieved from the World Flora Online website: http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000273071. Accessed: December 24, 2023.
2. Wikipedia contributors. (2023, June 15). Physostegia virginiana. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 09:30, December 24, 2023, from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physostegia_virginiana&oldid=1160264499.
3. Jensen, S. R., Nielsen, B. J., & Rickelt, L. F. (1989). Iridoids in Physostegia virginiana. Phytochemistry, 28(11), 3055–3057. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(89)80279-1.